Tipični izvori onečišćenja na farmi i njihov utjecaj na ekosustav

master's thesis

• Title (english): TYPICAL SOURCES OF POLLUTION ON THE FARM AND ITSINFLUENCE ON ECOSYSTEM
• Author: Romana Kolarević
• Mentor: Željka Zgorelec (mentor)
• Committee member: Željka Zgorelec (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Aleksandra Bensa (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Milan Mesić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Department of General Agronomy); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-09-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Povećanje svjetskog stanovništva povećalo je potrebu za hranom i energijom. Ljudske
djelatnosti unose hranjiva u okoliš dvostruko brže nego u predindustrijskom razdoblju.
Nužno je uspostaviti ravnotežu između razvojnih procesa u poljoprivredi i zaštite
okoliša, ali isto tako osigurati dovoljno hrane za sve brojnije svjetsko stanovništvo.
Zaštita okoliša mora postati razvojni dio poljoprivrede ukoliko želimo uspostaviti takvu
ravnotežu. Na svakome imanju odnosno farmi valja težiti sustavu gospodarenja u kojem
će vladati skladan odnos između članova agroekosustava. Onečišćenja zraka, vode i tla
jedan su od glavnih problema današnjice. Veliki ekološki problem predstavlja
nepravilno gospodarenje i primjena stajskog gnoja, ne pridržavanje smjernica dobre
poljoprivredne prakse i ne poštivanje propisanih zakona. Dušik je u poljoprivredi ključ
visokih prinosa ali i glavni onečišćivač vode, od velike važnosti je problem
procjeđivanja nitrata čime se direktno utječe na kvalitetu površinske i podzemne vode.
Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je procijeniti utjecaj onečišćenja farme mliječnih krava
Mitrović na okoliš. Metodologija opisana u nastavku ovoga rada odnosi se na bruto
bilancu dušika temeljenu prema OECD metodi (Organisation for Economic Cooperation
and Development).
Izračunom po OECD Metodologiji na primjeru farme OPG Mitrović utvrđen je unos
dušika u iznosu od 39618,4 kg N/140 ha i iznos dušika od 38305 kg N/140 ha što
dovodi do pozitivne bilanca dušika u iznosu od 1313,4 kg N/140 ha, odnosno 9,38 kg
N/ha.

Abstract (english)

Increase of human population increased also demand on food and energy. Human
activities inputs nutrients into environment double as fast as before industry revolution.
It is necessary to establish balance with development processes in agriculture and
environment protection and also ensure enough food production for growing world
population. Environment protection must be integrated in agriculture development to
fulfill such a balance. On every farm a management system has to be established so all
parts of ecosystem are in harmony with each other. Pollutions of air, water and soil are
main problems of modern society. Big ecological problem is bad manure management
and application, not following good agriculture practices and laws. Nitrogen is key
factor for yield in agriculture but also a big water pollutant. Main reason is nitrate
leaching which has impact on quality of surface and ground waters. Goal of this master
thesis was to estimate impact of dairy cow family farm Mitrović on environment. For
this estimation OECD Gross nitrogen balance method is applied.
Calculation based on OECD Gross nitrogen balance on dairy farm Mitrović resulted in
39618,4 kg N/140 ha inputs, 38305 kg N/140 ha outputs and surplus of 1313,4 kg
N/140 ha (9,38 kg N/ha).

• Keywords: poljoprivreda; zaštita okoliša; dušik; stajski gnoj; farma; dobra poljoprivredna praksa; bruto bilanca dušika
• Keywords (english): agriculture; environment protection; nitrogen; manure; farm; good agriculture practice; gross nitrogen balance
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:341889
• Study programme: Title: Agroecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka agroekologija (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka agroekologija)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Repository: Repository Faculty of Agriculture University of Zagreb
• Created on: 2016-12-01 09:42:37