Stari grad Čakovec - povijest gradnje, naručitelji, oprema

master's thesis

• Title (english): Old town in Čakovec – construction history, commissioners, equipment
• Author: Jelena Vrbančić
• Mentor: Dubravka Botica (mentor)
• Committee member: Danko Šourek (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Franko Ćorić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences; (Department of History of Art); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-10-05, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: HUMANISTIC SCIENCES; History of Art; History and Theory of the Fine Arts, Architecture, Urbanism and Visual Communications

Abstract

Stari grad Čakovec ističe se kao jedan od najznačajnijih primjera profane arhitekture sjeverozapadne Hrvatske. Smješten je u središtu Čakovca, a njegovu cjelinu čine fortifikacijski sustav (bastioni) unutar kojih se smjestila rezidencijalna palača. Stari je grad imao burnu prošlost tokom koje je promijenio brojne vlasnike – među kojima se kao najznačajnije ističu obitelji Zrinski, Althan i Festetić – koji su obnovama i dogradnjama doprinijeli današnjemu izgledu. S obzirom da su u posljednje vrijeme provedena brojna istraživanja Staroga grada u Čakovcu rezultati tih istraživanja bit će uključeni u ovaj rad, kao i slikovni prikazi te povijesni opisi izgleda iz vremena iz kojeg nemamo materijalnih ostataka ili nam oni nisu dostupni, što se primarno odnosi na ostatke iz vremena Zrinskih.
Razmatranje građevinskih faza Staroga grada u ovome će radu započeti s Nikolom Šubićem Zrinskim, prvim vlasnikom Čakovca iz obitelji Zrinski, i obnovom fortifikacijskog sustava koju je proveo od 1556. do 1562. godine. Nakon Nikoline pogibije kod Sigeta 1566. glavom obitelji postaje njegov sin, Juraj IV., koji angažira talijanske arhitekte Martina Secca i Giovannija Arcontija za dovršetak obnove fortifikacije tokom koje je obnovljen i dvorac. Posljednji naručitelj iz obitelji Zrinski bio je Nikola VII. koji je proveo rekonstrukciju fortifikacijskog sustava i dvorca za čiju je izvedbu angažirao talijanskog arhitekta Filiberta Lucchesea. Nakon neuspješne urote i smrti Petra Zrinskog 1671. posjedi i imovina obitelji Zrinski su konfiscirani. Posljednji Zrinski koji je posjedovao dio Međimurja – bez Čakovca – bio je Adam Zrinski, sin Nikole VII. Nakon Adamove smrti izmjenjuju se brojni vlasnici, da bi 1719. Čakovec u posjed dobila obitelj Althan. Upravo su Althani sljedeći važni naručitelji u povijesti Staroga grada. Za obnovu dvorca angažirali su bečkoga arhitekta A. E. Martinellija koji je, u razdoblju od 1738. do 1743., barokizirao dvorac dajući mu današnji izgled. Obitelj Althan 1791. prodaje Čakovec i Međimurje grofu Festetiću koji je posljednji feudalni vlasnik Čakovca, ali i vlasnik koji je najviše utjecao na propast ovoga sklopa. Pregradnje/promjene koje je obitelj Festetić provela na Starom gradu bit će razmotrene u završnom dijelu.

Abstract (english)

Old town in Čakovec stands out as one of the most significant examples of profane architecture in northwest Croatia. It’s situated in Čakovec city center and it consists of the fortification system of the bastions within which the residential palace is located. Čakovec old town had turbulent history during which it changed dozens of owners – with Zrinski, Althan and Festetić families being the most influential – and which have contributed to its present appearance through renovations and upgrades. Considering that lately there have been numerous researches carried out at Old town, the results of those researches will be incorporated in this thesis as well as pictorial representations and historical descriptions from a time from which we have no material remains or they’re not available. This primarily refers to the period of the Zrinski family. Construction history research of the Old town will begin with Nikola Šubić Zrinski, the first owner of Čakovec from the Zrinski family, and with the rebuilding of the fortification system he carried out from 1556 to 1562. After Nikolas’ death at Siget in 1566, his son, Juraj IV, became the head of the family. Juraj hired Italian architects, Martin Secco and Giovanni Arconti, to complete the rebuilding of the fortification system. He also restored the castle. Last commissioner from the Zrinski family was Nikola VII. He carried out the reconstruction of the fortification system and castle on which he employed Italian architect Filiberto Lucchese. After the failure of the Zrinski-Frankopan conspiracy and the death of Petar Zrinski in 1671, possessions and property of the Zrinski family were confiscated. Last Zrinski that owned a part of Međimurje – without Čakovec – was Adam, son of Nikola VII. After his death numerous owners changed, until the Althan family became owner of Čakovec in 1719. Althans are the next important commissioners in the history of Čakovec old town. In 1738, they employed the Viennese architect A. E. Martinelli who rebuilt and redesigned the castle in baroque style giving it its present-day look. The restorations were finished in 1743. In 1791, the Althan family sold Čakovec and Međimurje to count Juraj Festetić, the last feudal owner as well as the owner that played the biggest part in the destruction of the castle and surrounding fortifications. The alterations and remodeling that Festetić family carried out in the Old town will be presented in the final part of this thesis.

• Keywords: arhitektura; naručitelji; obitelj Althan; obitelj Festetić; obitelj Zrinski; povijest gradnje; Stari grad Čakovec
• Keywords (english): architecture; commissioners; Althan family; Festetić family; Zrinski family; construction history; Old town in Čakovec
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:131:544618
• Study programme: Title: Art History; specializations in: Research, Teaching; Course: Research; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra povijesti umjetnosti (magistar/magistra povijesti umjetnosti)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Repository: ODRAZ
• Created on: 2021-10-05 11:21:04