Obrada RO/NF retentata

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Treatment of RO/NF retentate
• Author: Ana Marija Damjanović
• Mentor: Krešimir Košutić (mentor)
• Committee member: Krešimir Košutić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Davor Dolar (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dragana Mutavdžić Pavlović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-09-07, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering; Environmental Protection in Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Membranski procesi reverzne osmoze (RO) i nanofiltracije (NF) imaju široku industrijsku primjenu pri dobivanju pitke vode desalinacijom mora kao i u obradi otpadnih voda. Jedan od problema RO i NF je zbrinjavanje retentata (koncentrata), jedne od izlaznih struja. Membranska tehnologija zahtijeva manje energije u usporedbi s termičkom tehnologijom, ali u slučajevima kada je sastav vode za obradu kompleksniji, primjerice industrijska otpadna voda, korištenje membranskih tehnologija može biti ograničeno. Termičke tehnologije su skupe, koriste značajne količine energije i nisu pogodne za velike protoke. Odabir najbolje dostupne tehnologije za smanjenje volumena retentata ovisi o nekoliko faktora, uključujući sastav vode za obradu, odnosno porijeklo retentata koje može biti iz postrojenja za desalinaciju, iz postrojenja za obradu otpadnih voda te voda iz rudarstva, korištenju energije, troškovima i fazama tehnološkog procesa. Nepravilno zbrinjavanje i obrada koncentrata može rezultirati nepovoljnim učincima na okoliš uslijed visokog saliniteta i prisutnosti fosfora i dušika, organskih zagađivala, uključujući nova zagađivala i tragova anorganske tvari. Strategije za obradu, upravljanje te smanjenje volumena koncentrata koje bi bile ekonomski prihvatljive predmet su intenzivnog istraživanja s ciljem primjene u industrijskom mjerilu. Zagađivala u koncentratu mogu imati utjecaj na ekosustav i kvalitetu vode u blizini mjesta odlaganja koncentrata. S obzirom da svojstva novih organskih zagađivala značajno utječu na učinkovitost metoda za pročišćavanje voda, te s obzirom na veliku toksičnost i postojanost nekih od njih, potrebne su inovativne i ekonomski isplative tehnologije za obradu voda.

Abstract (english)

Membrane processes reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) have broad industrial application in obtaining fresh water from seawater desalination and waste water treatment. One of the problems of RO and NF processes is the retentate (concentrate) disposal, which is one of the output streams. Membrane technology requires less energy than thermal technology, but in cases where the composition of the water for processing is more complex, for example, industrial waste water, the use of membrane technology is limited. Thermal technologies are expensive, use significant amounts of energy and are not suitable for high flow rates. Choosing the best available technology to reduce the volume of the retentate depends on several factors such as the composition of the water or the source of the retentate which can be a desalination plant, a waste water treatment plant or the water from mining industries. Other factors include energy use, costs and stage of technological development. Improper handling and processing of the concentrate may result in adverse effects on the environment due to high salinity and the presence of phosphorus and nitrogen, organic pollutants, including new contaminants and traces of inorganic substances. Strategies for the treatment, management and reducement of the volume of the concentrate are the subject of intensive research in order to economically apply them on an industrial scale. Contaminants in the concentrate may have an impact on the ecosystem and water quality in the vicinity of the disposal place of the concentrate. Since the properties of new organic pollutants significantly affect the efficiency of the method for purifying water, and given the high toxicity and persistence of some of them, innovative and cost-effective technologies for water treatment are needed.

• Keywords: reverzna osmoza; nanofiltracija; retentat; membranske tehnologije; termičke tehnologije; nove tehnologije
• Keywords (english): reverse osmosis; nanofiltration; retentate; treatment; membrane technologies; thermal technologies; emerging technologies
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:205529
• Study programme: Title: Applied Chemistry - Undergraduate study; specializations in: Environmental chemistry and green technologies, Advanced materials and technologies, Applied organic chemistry; Course: Environmental chemistry and green technologies; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Repository: Repository of Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology University of Zagreb
• Created on: 2016-09-28 13:10:50