Utjecaj roka sjetve na morfološka svojstva i kompeticijsku sposobnost usjeva facelije (Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.)

master's thesis

• Author: Ines Ljepoja
• Mentor: Dubravka Dujmović Purgar (mentor)
• Committee member: Dubravka Dujmović Purgar (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Maja Šćepanović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Klara Barić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Department of Agricultural Botany); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-09-30, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Facelija (Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.) je biljna vrsta koja je kod nas relativno malo
istražena, a porijeklom iz Amerike, Kalifornije. Ova vrsta je u Europu stigla u 19. stoljeću
prvenstveno kao ukrasna i medonosna biljka. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada bio je utvrditi
morfološka svojstva facelije koja utječu na njenu kompetitivnu sposobnost u borbi protiv
korova u različitim rokovima sjetve. Osim navedenih svojstava cilj je utvrditi i ostala
morfološka svojstva kako bi se osigurali do sada nepoznati podaci za uzgoj i opis ove
kultivirane vrste. Pokus je proveden tijekom 2015. godine na pokušalištu Maksimir,
Agronomskog fakulteta u Zagrebu. Sjetva facelije obavljena je u dva proljetna roka sjetve. Na
20 nasumično odabranih biljaka facelije unutar svakog roka sjetve napravljena su mjerenja i
ocjene 20 morfoloških svojstava. Vizualnom metodom praćena je posjećenost entomofaune te
zabilježena prisutnost korovnih vrsta. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da je rok sjetve utjecao
na morfološka svojstva facelije, a time i na njenu kompeticijsku sposobnost. Vrijednosti
mjerenih svojstva razlikovala su se između dva roka sjetve. Biljke facelije iz ranog proljetnog
roka sjetve su prosječno bile osjetno nižeg rasta i imale su manje listova i cvjetova, te
posljedično manju masu od bilajka iz ranog proljetnog roka sjetve. Glavni uzroci manje
razvijenosti biljaka iz ranog proljetnog roka sjetve su nepovoljni okolišni uvjeti (suvišak
oborina i relativno niske temperature) te slaba priprema tla za sjetvu. U ranom proljetnom
roku sjetve zabilježena je prisutnost ukupno 26 korovnih vrsta, dok je u kasnom proljetnom
roku sjetve zabilježeno svega osam korovnih vrsta. U ovom istraživanju utvrđena je jača
razvijenost biljaka facelije i slabija zakorovljenost usjeva u kasnom u usporedbi s ranim
proljetnim rokom sjetve.

Abstract (english)

Lacy phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.) is relatively unknown and information’s about
this species in our environment are limited. This species originally from America arrived in
Europe in the 19th century, primarily as decorative and honey production plant. The main aim
of this study was to determine the morphological characteristics of phacelia which affecting
its competitive ability at two different spring sowing dates. In addition, research was made to
identify other morphological characteristics to ensure unknown data for description and
growing of these cultivated species. The experiment was conducted during 2015 growing
season at Maksimir experimental station, Faculty of Agriculture. Measurements of 20
morphological characters were made at 20 randomly selected plants within each sowing date.
Presence of weeds in both phacelia crops was visually monitored and recorded. Sowing date
influenced on morphological characteristics of phacelia in this study. Phacelia plants from
early spring sowing were characterized by an lower stem height, smaller diameter of the stem,
smaller number of internodes and branches per stem, smaller number of leaves per plant,
smaller number of inflorescence branches per plant, fewer flowers per plant and less fruit per
plant) compared to plants from late spring sowing. Reasons for smaller plants from the first
sowing date probably were less favorable environmental conditions (high precipitation and
low temperature) during the initial period of phacelia growth and poor physical soil
conditions (compacted soil) in early compared to late sowing. Early spring phacelia sowing
date resulted in 26 different weed species in crop while in late spring sowing date only six
species of summer weeds were recorded. Results of this study indicate on greater plants
development and less weed species in phacelia crop from late compared to early spring
sowing date.

• Keywords: facelija; rok sjetve; morfološke karakteristike; korov
• Keywords (english): phacelia; sowing date; morphological characteristic; weed
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:304176
• Study programme: Title: Phytomedicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka fitomedicine (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka fitomedicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Repository: Repository Faculty of Agriculture University of Zagreb
• Created on: 2016-12-15 09:08:23