Ponašanje divokoza (Rupicapra rupicapra) u prisutnosti velikih zvijeri

master's thesis

• Title (english): Behaviour of chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) in the presence of predators
• Author: Tena Radočaj
• Mentor: Tea Tomljanović (mentor)
• Committee member: Tea Tomljanović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nikica Šprem (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Toni Safner (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Department of Fisheries, Beekeeping, Game Management and Special Zoology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-09-21, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Divokoze spadaju u podred preživača (Bovidae), potporodicu koza (Caprinae) i rod divokoza
(Rupicapra). Staništa divokoza uglavnom su otvorena područja na granici vegetacije, no divokoze
mogu obitavati i u šumskim staništima. Ponašanja i obrasci aktivnosti populacija divokoza koje
nastanjuju šumska staništa uz prisutnost velikih predatora, nisu još uvijek dovoljno istražena.
Istraživanje se provodilo na populaciji divokoza koje nastanjuju područje Gorkog Kotara. Populacija
obitava u šumskom staništu uz prisutnost tri velika predatora: sivi vuk (Canis lupus), smeđi medvjed
(Ursus arctos) i euroazijski ris (Lynx lynx). Cilj istraživanja je utvrditi utjecaj predatora na obrasce
ponašanja divokoza, te zatim prikazati dnevnu i mjesečnu aktivnosti divokoza, kao i preklapanja
aktivnosti s predatorima. Praćeno je pet vrsta ponašanja: hranjene, kretanje, socijalizacija, češkanje i
promatranje. Snimanje je provedeno od ožujka 2017. godine do svibnja 2018. godine pomoću
senzornih kamera. Postavljeno je 13 kamera u šumskom staništu, na lokacijama gdje su prisutna
solišta za divljač. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su vrhunac aktivnosti divokoza tijekom ranih
jutarnjih sati u vremenskom intervalu od 06:00 – 08:00 h u toplijem dijelu godine, dok je vrhunac
aktivnosti tijekom zime i jeseni u vremenskom intervalu od 10:00 – 12:00 h. Preklapanje aktivnosti
divokoza i predatora bilo je tijekom veljače. Divokoze su tijekom dana prosječno potrošile55 %
vremena na hranjenje, 28 % vremena na promatranje, 11 % na kretanje, 4 % na češkanje i 2 % na
socijalizaciju. Potrebna su dodatna istraživanja kako bi se upoznali obrasci aktivnosti divokoza koje
nastanjuju šumska staništa, s naglaskom na prisutnost predatora.

Abstract (english)

Chamois belong to the family of ruminants (Bovidae), the subfamily the goat (Caprinae) and
the genus Rupicapra. The species’ habitats include open and forest areas. Some habitats inhabited by
chamois populations are distinguished from others by a variety of potential predators. There has been
a lack of study in the behavior and patterns of activity of chamois that inhabit forests in the presence
of large predators. Population of chamois inhabiting the area of Gorski Kotar was investigated. The
population lives in a forest habitat in the presence of three large predators: gray wolf (Canis lupus),
brown bear (Ursus arctos) and Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx). The aim of this study was to investigate the
influence of these predators on the behavior of the chamois. This study explored the patterns of
monthly and daily activity of chamois during the four seasons and their activity overlap with
predators. Five types of behaviour were recorded and analysed: feeding, moving, socializing,
grooming and vigilance. The recording was conducted from March 2017 to May 2018 using 13
motion sensor cameras. Chamois spent 55% of the time eating, 28% on vigilance, 11% on moving,
4% on grooming and 2% on socializing. The peak in chamois activity was between 06:00 − 08:00 h
in the warmer period of the year, while the peak of activity during the winter and autumn was from
10:00 − 12:00 h. The overlap in chamois and predator activity was highest during February. Further
research is needed to understand the patterns of chamois behaviour inhabiting forests, with an
emphasis on the presence of predators.

• Keywords: divokoza (Rupicapra rupicapra); predacija; obrasci ponašanja; dnevna aktivnost; mjesečna aktivnost
• Keywords (english): Chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra); predation; behavior; daily activity; monthly activity
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:035237
• Study programme: Title: Fisheries and Game Management; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka ribarstva i lovstva (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka ribarstva i lovstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Repository: Repository Faculty of Agriculture University of Zagreb
• Created on: 2018-09-26 09:10:27