Sigurna komunikacija između Web programa

master's thesis

• Title (english): Secure Communication between Web Applications
• Author: Dominik Žigrović
• Mentor: Marin Golub (mentor)
• Committee member: Marin Golub (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Domagoj Jakobović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Stjepan Groš (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-07-04, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Computing

Abstract

Jedan od temelja sigurnosti Web-a je politika jednake izvornosti. Po njoj, stranice smiju komunicirati jedino ako imaju zajednički protokol, vrata i host. Međutim, to može u nekim slučajevima biti vrlo ograničavajuće za stranice. U ovom radu je prvo objašnjena politika jednake izvornosti, a zatim dani načini njezinog zaobilaženja. Ovisno o aspektu na koji se oni odnose, koriste se različite metode: za komunikaciju između stranica svojstvo stranice document.domain i funkcija window.postMessage, a za komunikaciju preko HTTP zahtjeva metoda JSONP i protokol CORS. Oni su također objašnjeni u ovom radu. Nakon toga je dan pregled najčešćih napada vezanih za politiku jednake izvornosti i objašnjenja na koji način ih korištenje ovih metoda može omogućiti.

Kao dodatak radu, razvijena je i biblioteka koja omogućuje sigurnu komunikaciju između aplikacije i drugih aplikacija na različitim izvornostima (koristeći metodu window.postMessage), kao i aplikacija koja demonstrira korištenje te biblioteke. Obje aplikacije su javno dostupne, a u radu su opisane njihove tehničke specifikacije.

Abstract (english)

One of the cornerstones of Web security is the Same-origin policy. It allows Web pages to communicate only if they share the same protocol, host and port. However, in some cases, this can be quite limiting. This thesis firstly explains the Same-origin policy and then gives ways of achieving cross-origin access. Depending on the aspect of the Web this relates to, different methods can be used: for communication between Web pages, the document.domain property and the window.postMessage function, and for HTTP communication the JSONP and CORS protocols can be used. These are also covered in this thesis. After that, an overview of attacks connected to the Same-origin policy is given, as well as an explanation of how using the cross-origin communication methods can make the application vulnerable to them.

In addition to this thesis, a library for secure communication between an application and other applications having different origins (using the window.postMessage method) was created, as well as an application to demonstrate its usage. Both of these applications are freely available, and their technical specifications are given in this thesis.

• Keywords: politika jednake izvornosti; Web sigurnost; svojstvo stranice document.domain; funkcija window.postMessage; metoda JSONP; protokol CORS
• Keywords (english): same-origin policy; Web security; document.domain; window.postMessage; JSONP; CORS
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:168:412957
• Study programme: Title: Computing; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka računarstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka računarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Repository: FER Repository
• Created on: 2020-01-07 23:11:49