In vitro ispitivanje toksičnosti produkata nastalih gama-ozračivanjem mikotoksina

master's thesis

• Title (english): In vitro toxicity testing of products formed by gamma irradiation of mycotoxins
• Author: Božena Gilić Kuko
• Mentor: Ana-Marija Domijan (mentor)
• Committee member: Ana-Marija Domijan (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Mornar Turk (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivan Pavičić (član povjerenstva); MBZ: 241553
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; (Department of biochemistry and molecular biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-09-29, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Pharmacy; Pharmacy

Abstract

Mikotoksini su produkti sekundarnog metabolizma plijesni, poglavito plijesni iz porodica Aspergillus, Fusarium i Penicillium. Plijesni iz porodice Aspergillus proizvode aflatoksine koji su jedni od najtoksičnijih mikotoksina. Utvrđeno je da u ljudi aflatoksini uzrokuju karcinom jetre te je stoga Međunarodna agencija za istraživanje raka (IARC) svrstala aflatoksine, poglavito aflatoksin B1 (AFB1) u prvu grupu karcinogena za ljude. Drugi važan mikotoksin jest ohratoksin A (OTA), koji je zbog nedovoljnih saznanja svrstan u grupu 2B, mogućih karcinogena za ljude. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi nastaju li γ ozračivanjem uzoraka mikotoksina AFB1 i OTA toksičniji, manje toksični ili pak netoksični produkti. Ispitivanje je provedeno na 3 stanične linije (PK15, Hep G2 i SH-SY5Y) koje su tretirane ozračenim (5 i 10 kGy) i neozračenim otopinama mikotoksina AFB1 i OTA u koncentracijskom rasponu 1-500 μM, u vremenskom razdoblju od 24h te je mjerena stanična vijabilnost. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da uzorci AFB1 ozračeni dozom od 5 i 10 kGy ni u koncentraciji od 50 μM ne djeluju citotoksično na ove stanične linije, dok AFB1 u toj koncentraciji pokazuje citotoksičnost, što pak ukazuje da γ zračenjem AFB1 uzoraka nastaju manje toksični produkti. Također tretiranjem ovih triju staničnih linija γ ozračenim uzorcima OTA, rezultati pokazuju smanjenje citotoksičnosti u odnosu na neozračene uzorke OTA. Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju da je γ zračenje efikasna metoda za smanjenje toksičnosti uzoraka kontaminiranih mikotoksinima AFB1 i OTA te je moguće γ zračenjem djelovati preventivno kako bi se spriječila moguća toksična djelovanja ovih mikotoksina na ljude i životinje.

Abstract (english)

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolite produced by molds, particulary by those of genera of Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium spp. Molds from Aspergillus generus produce aflatoxins, one of the most toxic mycotoxins. It was proved that aflatoxins cause hepatocellular carcinoma in humans, therefore IARC, International Agency for Research on Cancer, classified aflatoxins, especially aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in group 1 carcinogens for humans. Second important mycotoxin is ochratoxin A (OTA), which is classified in group 2B, due to the lack of evidence on its toxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate if products of mycotoxins AFB1 and OTA are toxic, less toxic or non-toxic after γ irradiation. Three cell lines were treated (PK15, Hep G2 and SH-SY5Y) with irradiated (5 and 10 kGy) and non-irradiated solutions of mycotoxins AFB1 and OTA in the concentration range of 1-500 μM, in a period of 24h, thus cell viability was measured. The results showed that AFB1 samples irradiated with 5 and 10 kGy, even in a concentration of 50 μM, did not have citotoxic impact on tested cell lines by comparison to non-irradiated AFB1 samples. These results demonstrated that γ irradiation of AFB1 samples resulted in less toxic products. In addition, the results showed decrease in citotoxicity by treating those three cell lines with γ irradiated OTA. The results of this study showed that γ irradiation is effective in decreasing toxicity of samples contaminated with mycotoxins AFB1 and OTA, therefore, it can be used to reduce concentration of mycotoxins, in order to prevent possible toxic effects that aflatoxins and ochratoxins have on humans and animals.

• Keywords: mikotoksini; plijesni; aflatoxin; ohratoksin; gama zračenje; toksičnost
• Keywords (english): mycotoxin; molds; aflatoxin; ochratoxin; gamma irradiation; toxicity
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:163:161955
• Study programme: Title: Pharmacy; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra farmacije (magistar/magistra farmacije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Repository: Repository of Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry University of Zagreb
• Created on: 2016-12-08 14:40:37