Predacija bakterije Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus nad patogenim bakterijama čovjeka

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus – bacterial predation of human pathogenic bacteria
• Author: Laura Peček
• Mentor: Martina Šeruga Musić (mentor)
• Committee member: Martina Šeruga Musić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-19, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Predacija među bakterijama i dalje je prilično slabo istražena u usporedbi s ekvivalentnim
životinjskim međuodnosima. No, kako se zbog ubrzanog širenja antimikrobne rezistencije
patogenih bakterija čovjeka teži pronalasku alternativnih načina liječenja, posljednjih su godina
objavljeni brojni eksperimenti temeljeni na uporabi predatorskih bakterija u tom aspektu.
Reprezentativna vrsta, Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus obligatni je monoflagelatni aerobni Gramnegativni predator, prirodno zastupljen u kopnenim i vodenim ekosustavima te ljudskoj crijevnoj
mikrobioti. Napada druge Gram-negativne bakterije ulazeći u njihov periplazmatski prostor, gdje
nastavlja svoj rast i razvoj u obliku bdeloplasta, a vrlo učinkovito djeluje i protiv bakterija u sastavu
biofilmova. Preživljavajući na nutrijentima domadara, predator produžno raste i dijeli se simultano
na nekoliko stanica kćeri, koje zatim izlaze iz probavljene stanice plijena i spremne su započeti
ciklus predacije iznova. U širok raspon plijena ove vrste ulaze i brojni poznati uzročnici bolesti,
primjerice Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli i Acinetobacter baumanii. Budući da
višestruko rezistentni patogeni ne razvijaju otpornost prema napadima ovog predatora, razmatra se
korištenje sojeva B. bacteriovorus kao „živih antibiotika“.

Abstract (english)

If compared with animal predatory behavior, bacterial predation is studied and
understood quite poorly. As multidrug-resistant human bacterial pathogens are evolving and
getting stronger rapidly, it is crucial to develop an alternative for classic antibiotic treatments.
During the last couple of decades, predatory bacteria are thought to be one of the possible
solutions. Among them, the most well-studied species, Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is an obligate
free-swimming Gram-negative aerobic predator preying upon wide range of other Gram-negative
bacteria. It is ubiquitous in nature and can also be found within the human gut microbiota. Upon
attacking its prey, the predator enters its periplasmic space and forms a protective structure called
a bdelloplast. When the prey is exhausted of all of its nutrients, B. bacteriovorus undergoes a
simultaneous non-binary division, which is extremely rare amongst bacteria. The multiple
progeny are then released and able to encounter new host cells. Its ability to destroy biofilms and
a broad prey range that includes many human pathogens make its use as a “living antibiotic”
plausible.

• Keywords: predatorske bakterije; Bdellovibrio; antimikrobna rezistencija; infekcija; patogen
• Keywords (english): predatory bacteria; Bdellovibrio; antimicrobial resistance; infection; pathogen
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:070021
• Study programme: Title: Ecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Repository: Repository of the Faculty of Science
• Created on: 2022-10-07 08:24:25