Utjecaj svakodnevnog tjelesnog vježbanja na razvoj ravnoteže kod djece predškolskog uzrasta

master's thesis

• Title (english): The Impact of Everyday Physical Excercise on the Development of Balance in Preschool Children
• Author: Ana Maria Sarjanović
• Mentor: Vatroslav Horvat (mentor)
• Committee member: Igor Bokor (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marijana Hraski (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vatroslav Horvat (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; (Chair of Kinesiology Education); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-06-17, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Kinesiology; Kinesiological Anthropology

Abstract

Predškolsko doba je razdoblje usvajanja životnih navika pa ga je potrebno iskoristiti na najbolji mogući način. Živimo u modernom svijetu kojeg karakteriziraju stres, pretilost, i sedentarne aktivnosti uzrokovane razvojem tehnologija pa je od iznimnog značaja poticati djecu na usvajanje zdravih navika i uživanje u sportskim aktivnostima. Brojni autori potvrdili su kako sudjelovanje u kineziološkim programima pozitivno djeluje na poboljšanje svih motoričkih sposobnosti. Cilj ovog pilot istraživanja je utvrditi moguće razlike u ravnoteži između eksperimentalne i kontrolne skupine, odnosno između djece koja su uključena u sportski program i one koja to nisu. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 45 djece u dobi od 6 godina (± 6 mjeseci) iz vrtića s područja grada Zagreba. Sposobnost ravnoteže kod djece predškolskog uzrasta mjerena je baterijom od tri testa: Stajanje jednom nogom na kocki (MRSJK), Stajanje na jednoj nozi na nestabilnoj podlozi (MRSJN) i Duboki čučanj zatvorenim očima na nestabilnoj podlozi (MRDČN). Drugi cilj rada bio je provjeriti metrijske karakteristike testova za procjenu ravnoteže. Za svaku varijablu dobiveni su osnovni i deskriptivni parametri: broj ispitanika (N), aritmetička sredina (AS), standardna devijacija (SD), maksimalna vrijednost (MAX), minimalna vrijednost (MIN). Pouzdanost testova provjerena je Cronbachovom α. Homogenost testova provjerena je korelacijama po česticama za tri mjerenja. Primjenom K - S testa provjerena je normalnost distribucije rezultata. Analizom varijance utvrđeno je da između dječaka i djevojčica ne postoji statistički značajna razlika u testovima MRSJK i MRSJN, ali je evidentno da postoji statistički značajna razlika po spolu u testu MRDČN. Također je utvrđeno da ne postoji statistički značajna razlika u ravnoteži između kontrolne i eksperimentalne skupine. Na temelju rezultata generalno možemo zaključiti da niti jedan od tri testa u potpunosti ne zadovoljava metrijske karakteristike pa se postavljene hipoteze moraju odbaciti. Autor predlaže provjeru tih testova u daljnjim istraživanjima.

Abstract (english)

Preschool age is the time of adopting habits, so it needs to be utilized in the best possible way. We live in a modern world characterized by stress, obesity, and sedentary activities caused by the technology development, and it is of utmost importance to encourage children to adopt healthy habits and enjoy sports activities. Numerous authors have confirmed that participation in kinesiology programs has a positive impact on improving all motor skills. The aim of this pilot research is to determine possible differences in balance between the experimental and control group, i.e. between the children involved in the sport program and those who are not. The survey was conducted on a sample of 45 children aged 6 years (± 6 months) from kindergarten in the city of Zagreb. Balance ability in preschool children was measured by a three-test battery: One-legged Stand (MRSJK), One Foot on an unstable base (MRSJN), and Deep Squat on an unstable surface with eyes closed (MRDČN). The second aim of the study was to check the metric characteristics of the balance tests. For each variable, basic and descriptive parameters were obtained: number of examinees (N), arithmetic mean (AS), standard deviation (SD), maximum value (MAX), minimum value (MIN). The reliability of the tests was checked by Cronbach's α. The homogeneity of the test was verified by three particle size correlations. Using the K - S test, the normality of results distribution is checked. Analyzing variance, it was found that there was no statistically significant difference between boys and girls in MRSJK and MRSJN tests, but it is evident that there is a statistically significant gender difference in MRDČN test. It was also found that there is no statistically significant difference in the balance between the control and experimental group. Based on the results we can generally conclude that none of the three tests completely meet the metric characteristics so hypotheses must be rejected. The author suggests testing these tests in further research.

• Keywords: ravnoteža; metrijske karakteristike; predškolski uzrast; utjecaj tjelovježbe
• Keywords (english): balance; metric characteristics; pre-school age; the effect of exercise
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:916998
• Study programme: Title: Graduate University Study of Early and Preschool Education; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja (magistar/magistra ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Repository: University of Zagreb Faculty of Teacher Education
• Created on: 2020-10-07 10:31:47