Suzbijanje fascioloidoze jelena u otvorenom lovištu XVI/11 "Spačva"

master's thesis

• Title (english): Suppression of Deer Fascioloidosis in Open Hunting Ground XVI/11 "Spačva"
• Author: Ana Mačvanin
• Mentor: Zdravko Janicki (mentor)
• Committee member: Dean Konjević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Alen Slavica (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zdravko Janicki (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; (Department of Game Biology, Pathology and Breeding); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-03-09, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine; Animal Production and Biotechnology

Abstract

Fascioloidoza je parazitarna bolest podrijetlom iz Sjeverne Amerike uzrokovana velikim američkim metiljem (Fascioloides magna). Prirodni, konačni, domaćini ovoga parazita jesu sjevernoameričke vrste jelena. U Europi je ovaj parazit prvi put zabilježen u Italiji 1875. g., a po njoj se proširio migracijom jelenske divljači, pa ga danas možemo pronaći u Austriji, Češkoj, Slovačkoj, Mađarskoj, Hrvatskoj i Srbiji. U Hrvatskoj je bolest ustanovljena u istočnoj Baranji, 1999. godine kada su lovci i djelatnici šuma primijetili promjene kondicije u populaciji jelena običnog (Cervus elaphus, L.), te su pronađene promjene na jetri nakon odstrela i egzenteracije. Područje istraživanja i utvrđivanja djelotvornosti terapije za fascioloidozu u jelena običnog je otvoreno lovište XVI/11 „Spačva“ koje se nalazi u jugoistočnoj Slavoniji. 2016. g. započeto je terapiranje životinja protiv fascioloidoze u lovištu krajem travnja i početkom svibnja. Sljedeće godine je ono provedeno krajem ožujka i u travnju, dok je 2018. terapija provedena prvom polovinom veljače. Nakon odstrela, jetre su egzenterirane, poslane na Veterinarski fakultet u Zagrebu i pregledane te je utvrđena brojnost i razvojni stadiji metilja Fascioloides magna kao i stupanj patoanatomskih promjena u jetrenom tkivu. U lovnoj sezoni 2016./2017. prikupljene su 72 jetre odstrijeljenih grla jelena običnog, a u sezoni 2017./2018. 101 jetra. Podaci su su u ovome radu prikazani tablično i grafikonom. Statistička analiza podataka napravljena je uz pomoć programa Statistica 13.5.0.17. Rezultati pokazuju da je terapijsko suzbijanje fascioloidoze bilo djelotvorno iako je ovo provedeno u proljetnom razdoblju. Učinkovitom terapijom bilo je obuhvaćeno oko 52% populacije, a najbolji rezultati terapije očituju se u dobnoj kategoriji starosti 6 mjeseci do 3 godine. Zabilježeno je značajno smanjenje udjela grla u invaziji i superinvaziji te porast reinvadiranih grla tokom istraživanja, te da u staništu opstaju intenzivna žarišta fascioloidoze. Veliki postotak reinvazija zahtjeva primjenu ostalih ne terapijskih mjera suzbijanja fascioloidoze.

Abstract (english)

Fascioloidosis is parasitic disease originating in North America caused by the big American liver fluke (Fascioloides magna). Natural and definitive hosts of this parasite are North American deer species. This parasite was first recorded on European territory in Italy in 1875. It spread further by deer game migration, so nowadays it can be found in Austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia and Serbia. The disease was first identified in Croatia in eastern Baranja, in 1999, when hunters and forest workers noticed change in fitness level in red deer (Cervus elaphus, L.) population and found changes on liver after culling and evisceration of these deer. The field of research and determination of the effectiveness of the therapy for fascioloidosis in deer, is the open hunting ground XVI/11 „Spačva“ located in southeastern Slavonia. The treatment of animals for fascioloidosis on the hunting ground began in late April and early May of 2016. The therapy continued and was conducted in late March and April of the following year, as well as in the first half of February of 2018. After the cull, the livers were eviscerated, sent to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Zagreb, were they were examined. The abundance and developmental stages of fluke Fascioloides magna were determined, as well as the degree of pathoanatomical changes in the liver tissue. In the 2016/2017 hunting season 72 livers of red deer were collected, and in the 2017/2018 hunting season 101 livers were collected. The data is shown in this thesis via tables and charts. Statistical data analysis was made using Statistica 13.5.0.17. program. The results show that the therapeutic suppression of fascioloidosis was effective, even though it was performed in springtime. Effective therapy involved about 52% of the deer population, and the best treatment results are evident in the 6-months-3-year age category. Significant reduction of animals in invasion and superinvasion, as well as increase in reinvasion was recorded during this research, along with the fact that intense foci of fascioloidosis persist in the habitat. A large percentage of reinvasions require the use of other non-therapeutic measures to combat fascioloidosis.

• Keywords: fascioloidoza; jelen obični; veliki američki metilj; suzbijanje; antihelmintik
• Keywords (english): fascioloidosis; red deer; American liver fluke; control; antihelmintic
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:895960
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Repository: Repository of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
• Created on: 2020-10-15 10:56:52